Dynamo-electric machine



Aug. 18, 1931.

J; F. LINCOLN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE Filed July 25, 1927 I NI/EN TOR.

Patented Aug. 18, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT or-'FICE JAMES F. LINCOLN,OF EQAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE LINCOLN ELECTRIC COMPANY, OFCLEVELAND, OHIO, A

CORPORATION OF OHIO DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE Application led July 23,1927. Serial No. 207,992.

In the operation of dynamo-electric machines, especially motors, more orless heat 1s generated. Particularly in the case of Inotors subject tofrequent stopping and starting, as for instance elevator motors, theheat production is considerable. This is fundamentally undesirable, andin some cases tends to be a serious factor. It is among the objects ofthis invention to provide a means vfor transferring heat from theinternal portions of such machinery, in ya manner to secure highlyefHcient cooling. More particularly it is an object to provide heatdrains in the rotor to carry the heat from the deeper portion of thelaminations out to the ends so as to be in exposure to the aircirculating through the motor or the like; A further object is theprovision of heat drains on the ends of rotor rods to additionally alsoact as a fan system. Another object is the arrangement of heat drains inthe stator so that cross-pieces are j in heat-conductive contact withcircular members extending around the stator and embedded in thelaminations. A still further object is the arrangementof elements inheat-conductive contact with the end rings of the stator, and theseagain in contact with the end housings, whereby the amount ofheat-dissipating surface is enormously extended. vOther objects andadvanta es will appear as the description proceeds.

o the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention,then, consists of the features hereinafter fully described, andparticularly pointed out in the claims, the following description andthe annexed drawings setting forth in detail certain 'structureembodying the invention, such being illustrative however of but one ofvarious ways in which the principle of theinvention may be employed.

In said annexed drawings Fig. l is a fragmentary vertical axial sectionshowing an embodiment of the` invention; and Fig. 2 is a sectionaldetail taken on a plane indicated by the. lineII-IL Fig. 1.

As illustrated in the drawings, having a shaft 1 mounted in the bearingsupport or end housings 2 secured in turn foregoing, a motor to the endrings 3 ofthe frame, is provided with a stator 4:, the frame being suported on a footing 5 as customary. Rotatably carried by the shaft is arotor having radial arms 6 supporting the rotor core 7. In the stator,preferably' embedded in the laminated structure are heat drains orheat-conducting elements of a metal efficient for such purpose, forinstance copper or brass. These elements may comprise axially arrangedbars orcross-pieces 8, 9, and circumferential members l0, preferablyconnected at the intersections. The circumferential members for instancemay desirably present tooth like digitations 11 seating so as tointermesh with the axial members 9. The axial members thence projectlaterally, standingout so as. to present exposure. Analogously also thecircumferential elements present outstanding fins a. The heat conductingvstructure thus interbedded with the stator is :in a position totransfer'the heat from within to the outer air-exposed projections orfins. n

On the rotor, and particularly on the rotor arms, there are also mountedheat drains or elements 12 which are effective to transfer heat, andpreferably these elements furthermore are shaped to operate as Lfanblades, an advantageous form including a recurved outer edge as at 13.Projecting endwise from the rotor framing, the blades are joined in turnto an Outrigger-ring 14, the extension 12m of the blades thusconstituting an end-projecting fan system. Peripheral-wise of suchblades, and also preferably displaced somewhat axially is another set ofblades 15 projecting from the transversely disposed conductor rods 15aand i 'oined at their ends by a ring 16, and these lades desirably areslightly canted or inclined axially, whereby to afford a directiveblower effect. At the end ofthe machine, a guard-deflector 17 isarranged such as to more efficiently feed the air to the path of theblades.

As kwill be readily understood from the the heat produced internally istransmitted by the heat-conducting elements respectively and these attheir exposed ortions in the air then function to give upy eat to thepassing air currents, an active circulation being furthered by themoving blades directing such air currents across the path of the finprojections. The heat-drains in the rotor carry the heat from theinterior out to the ends in exposure to the air circulating through themachine. The blades l5 on the ends of the rotor rods carry the heat fromthe rotor rods and at the same time act as fans. The arrangement,furthermore, of the heat-drains in the stator so that the cross-piecesor axial elements are in heat-conductive relation with the circulardrain-elements embedded in the laminations serves to effectively conductthe heat, this constituting in effect a vast mesh or gathering systemfor all that structure. The heatdrains are also welded to the end ringsof the stator, and these in turn are in contact with the end housings.Accordingly the amount of surface effective is enormously increased overthat which is generally obtained in the ordinary constructionheretofore. Furthermore by reason of the fan blade effect the amount ofair carried through and across these heat surfaces is also enormouslyincreased. With such equipment, heavy duty motors which are subjectnormally to serious overheating, are able to show an increased eilciencyand durability in service comparable to more favorably operatedmachinery.

Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed,change being made as regards the details disclosed, provided the meansstated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such beemployed. Y

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as myinvention 1. In apparatus of the character described, the combination ofa rotor, a stator, and circumferential and axial heat-conductingelements embedded in said stator and having peripherally uncoveredexposure to the air beyond.

2. In apparatus ofthe character described, the combination of a rotor, astator, and circumferential and axial heat-conducting elements embeddedin said stator and connected together and having projecting ins.

3. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotor,a stator, circumferential and axial heat-conducting elements embedded insaid stator and having projecting fins, and means for directing aircurrents on such fins.

4. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotor,a stator, circumferential and axial heat-conducting elements embedded insaid stator and having projecting fins, and blades carried by said rotorfor directing air on said fins.

5. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a stator,a rotor, circumferential and axial heat-conducting blades 4embedded insaid stator and connected together and having projecting fins, radialblades on the rotor having recurved outer edges, and other bladesaxially inclined carried by said rotor peripheral-wise of thefirst-named blades.

6. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination with a stator, of arotor including transversely disposed electrical conductor rods embeddedin its outer portion, blades of heat-conductive material connected withsaid rods, said blades being arranged and constructed to act as a fan,and other members of heat-conductive material contacting with theinternal diameter of the laminations of said rotor and extending beyondthe ends thereof, the projecting portions of said last-named membersbeing also arranged and constructed to act as a fan.

7. In an electric motor, the combination with a stator and a rotor, offan blades connected to the rotor and projecting from the ends thereof,and a continuous peripheral blade of high heat conductivity extendingaround an intermediate portion of the stator in a plane erpendicular tothe axis of the rotor to de ect outwardly in a radial direction the aircurrents created by the fan blades on the rotor.

8. In an electric motor, the combination of a frame, a stator securedwithin the frame and having laminations with field windings thereon, arotor mounted within the-stator, a peripheral blade extendingcontinuously around an intermediate portion of the stator, stationarblades of hi h heat conductivity connecte to said perip eral blade andtraversing the spaceA between said eri heral blade and the motor frameand an lades connected to the rotor and projecting from the ends thereofwhereby to create air currents past said stationary blades, saidperipheral blade being in a plane per endicular t0 the axis of the rotorto de ect said air currents outwardly in a radial direction.

9. In an electric motor, the combination with a stator and a rotorhaving laminations, of a housing partially enclosing the stator buthaving an inlet in its end near the axis of the rotor and an outletbetween its ends, said housing providing a space for air currents toflow outwardly from said inlet to said outlet between the housing andthe stator, fan blades on the ends of the rotor to set up such aircurrents, and vanes extending across said space in axial planes andsecured to the stator and the housing, said vanes having connections ofhigh heat conductivity with the stator laminations, whereby heat isdrained from the interior of the stator and dissipated by the currentsof air iiowing past the radial surfaces of said vanes.

l0. In apparatus of the. character described, the combination of nrotor, n stator,

and circumferential and axial heat-conducting elements in intimate heatconductive re.-

latiou with sail stator and connected to gather and having projectingfins.

Signed by me, this 22d day of J uly, 1927.

JAMES vF. LINCOLN.

